best: Digital Impulse Relay

Monday, 23 May 2011

Digital Impulse Relay

Introduction

In the first place, a relay is like a switch to a coil assembly.

This switch is activated when electricity is applied to the coil.

With a common relay, the electricity must be continuously

applied to the coil to maintain the contacts, but the impulse

relay "remembers" and only requires a momentary application

of electricity. Stated differently, apply pulse of electricity to

the coil to turn on the relay contacts, apply another pulse of

electricity to turn off the relay contacts.

So, impulse relay use it for to turn on a lamp with pushbuttons

and not toggle switches. What is really neat is connecting

several momentary pushbuttons in parallel and placing them

in different locations. I can turn on the lamp in one room, and

turn it off from a different room, because it was the relay that

was providing electricity to the lamp, not the switch.

Description

A digital impulse relay is a electronic circuit that mimics perfect

the all functions of a impulse relay with ratchet mechanism: the

first press to the button turns the relay on and the second press

turns it off, and relay in the circuit operating room illuminates.

Particularity of this circuit is that it can be used in a centralized

system for home automation. Another advantage is lower price

compared with that of the impulse relay with ratchet mechanism.

Digital impulse relay is immune to electrical noise, connection

between buttons and circuit can be achieved with unshielded cable

and any length.

Schematic

This circuit is operating the room illuminates. The basic component

of the circuit is a IC1 (CD4017). Push buttons room are connected by

normally wired to the circuit. All circuit is separately by optocoupler,

which means that the circuit is immune to electrical noise that can

come on cable that connects with push buttons.

First any button push put to GND the optocoupler IN. The output

signal from optocoupler is amplified by transistor Q1 (BC557)

together by C1, R3, R4 circuit. The amplified signal is attack to

clock pin 14 of decade counter IC1 (CD4017), the counter advances

by 1, pin 2 goes high and relay is ON. Transistor Q2 (2N2222)

connected to pin 2 of IC1 drives 12V relay. Diode 1N4004 (D1)

acts as a freewheeling diode. LED1 indicate the ON/OFF status.

Second any button press, the IC1 advances by 1, pin 2 goes low,

relay is OFF, and pin 4 goes high. If we connect by diode D2, pin

4 to Reset pin of CD4017, the counter is going back to the initial

condition, and is ready to get another button press, to turn the

relay ON.

The C2 - R6 component keep the Reset pin to +12V, when the

circuit is powering, until the C2 loaded at 12V.

From transistor Q2 colector is IN/OUT for use in to microcontroller

system (GSM remote control, WEB control, etc.). When use as IN,

microcontroller system can put to GND Q2 colector, and relay is ON.

Or the colector is use as OUT, signal obtained say the microcontroller

system, if the relay is ON or OFF.

The power supply for the circuit is DC 12V. In standby, when relay is

OFF, digital impulse relay consume 0V. Otherwise, when relay is ON,

consume depend of 12V relay current.

Installation

Parts List

IC1 - CD4017
Q1 - BC557
Q2 - 2N2222
OK1 - PC817 (optocoupler)
D1 - 1N4004
D2 - 1N4148
R1 - 3 K
R2 - 100 K
R3 - 1 K
R4 - 10 K
R5 - 1 K
R6 - 100 K
R7 - 1 K
C1 - 100 nF
C2 - 100 nF
С3 - 1 uF/25V
С4 - 1 uF/25V
С5 - 1 uF/25V
С6 - 1 uF/25V
LED1 - led diode
K1 - 12V relay

PCB